The Section undertakes studies in Biological (Plankton and Icthioplankton Studies), Chemical (Nutrients analysis, Oxygen) and Physical oceanography (Temperature, Salinity, turbidity and Colour, Current and Wind direction and speed). In studying all these, samples are collected from the Divisions, reference hydrographic transect off Tema at sea. Also daily records of Temperature and Salinity are taken at the divisions eight (8) Coastal Stations along the entire coast of Ghana (see fig below). The daily records of temperature taken allows the study of Upwelling and Upwelling Indices (its Intensity and Duration)
From these studies, the hydrography and plankton of the Ghanaian marine coastal environment have been described. Four seasons have been identified, namely a short cold season in December - January (minor upwelling), a long warm season between February and June, a long cold season between July and September (major upwelling) and short warm season in October – November. The environmental condition support a number of commercially important pelagic and demersal fish species.